SPRING Tutorial - 10 classes

IMPORTANT: This tutorial contains 10 classes. You need to install in your computer the data to follow the exercises. The file "tutor_10classes.exe" (for Windows), "tutor_10Classes.tar.gz" (for Linux) and "tutor_10Classes.zip" (for Mac/OS), can be downloaded from the internet at http://www.dpi.inpe.br/spring/english/manuals.html .

To install the data:
windows.gif - 1353 BytesDouble click over the file “ tutor_10Classes.exe ”. It will be proposed to install in the folder c:\tutor_10Classes. Click over Next on the dialog files that follow.

unix.gif - 943 BytesCopy the file "tutor_10Classes.tar.gz" to a directory from where you want to install the data. Type"gzip -d tutor_10Classes.tar.gz" followed by "tar xvf tutor_10Classes.tar".

maxcos.gif - 943 BytesDouble click over the file  "tutor_10Classes.zip". It will be proposed to install in the folder c:\tutor_10Classes. Click over Next on the dialog files that follow.


NOTE: After installing the data, the following folders will be found in <drive/local_destination>\Tutor_10Classes:

springdb\Course (corresponds to an already processed database)
springdb\DF (corresponds to an already processed database)
springdb\Urban (database with an IP to query)
Data (files to be imported)
Images (images to be registered and imported)
Legal_programs (programs to be edited and executed with LEGAL)
Reports (to save reports)
PDF_tutorial (theoretical chapters and exercises in PDF format – only if installed)

 


 

Synopsis

IMPORTANT: The classes are formatted in PDF so you must install the "Adobe Acrobat Reader" program, which is available on SPRING CDROM or at: http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep.html. These same pdf files (Classes) are available when you execute the program: "tutor_10Classes.exe", "tutor_10Classes.zip" or "tutor_10Classes.tar.gz".

- SPRING OVERVIEW
The objective of this class is simply to present the SPRING system to the user. A previously created database (DF) will be used for a first contact with the main interfaces of SPRING. The user will have an overview of the data model of many maps and of the drawing area presentation control.
The following main topics are presented:

    • System Presentation
    • SPRING Databases
    • SPRING Data Model
    • Projects
    • ILs Visualization
    • Exit SPRING

- READING IMAGES
In this class the image treatment is initiated, for the case of LANDSAT 5 satellite. Since the image to be manipulated is in the TIFF format, the “ Spring ” module will be used to read the image, cut it and convert it to the SPG format.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Digital Image
    • Image Characterization
    • Resolution and Bands
    • Image Reading and Conversion
      • Image Conversion (TIFF)

- IMAGE REGISTRATION
The aim of this class is to perform the geometric correction of the image that was opened and converted in the last class. In this class the student will define a new database , and within it a new project that includes the image read by “ Spring ”. It will be necessary to inform that this new database will be prepared to work with images, thus we will define a category of the image type. To acquire the control points for the registration we will employ the keyboard mode , where some points surveyed in the field will be provided together with their relative positions on the image.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Image Registration
    • Database Definition and Model
    • Procedures to Register the Image - via Keyboard
      • Selecting the image to be registered
      • Control Points Acquisition
      • Selecting Points for the Registration
      • Registering an IMAGE

NOTE: If you prefer, check here the position of the control points on the image.


- IMAGE PROCESSING
After image registration, in this class the student will exercise all the techniques of image processing. The first two techniques (Image Contrast and Pixel Reading) can be exercised using the database created by the user, in case he has completed the two last classes, on the contrary he can use the Course database, which already contains some registered images.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Image Contrast
    • Pixel Reading
    • IHS Transformation
    • Arithmetic Operations between Images
    • Filtering
    • Noise Elimination
    • Image Statistics
    • Image Restoration
    • Analysis of Principal Components

- CLASSIFICATION
In this class the user will learn how to obtain a thematic image starting from methods for the classification of multispectral imagery. As for the segmentation method it is suggested that small areas be used before performing it over the image of the whole project, since depending on the project that could take hours of processing. On this class it is presented how to proceed to create a mosaic with the images of adjacent regions.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Pixel based Classification
    • Segmentation
    • Classification by Region
    • Image Mosaic

- RADAR IMAGE PROCESSING
The objective of this class is to exercise some techniques for the treatment of radar imagery. Some radar images are already available in some specific projects within the Course database.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Speckle Noise Elimination
    • Antenna Pattern Correction
    • Slant to Ground Range Conversion

- VECTOR DATA MANIPULATION
In this class the vector data structure of SPRING is presented to the user. Thematic maps will be created via the importation of line files in the ASCII format. In some maps (use and soil) the user will need to use the editing tools of the system. The user will also see how to convert from vector to raster the thematic Information Layers (IL's) edited, and thus being able to compare both representations.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Vector Edition
    • Graphical Edition
    • Conversion of Formats

- NUMERIC MODELING
The aim of this class is to introduce the user to the data manipulation of the numeric model of SPRING. A map containing the samples (contour lines and spot heights) has already been edited, together with the rectangular and triangular grids generated. The user will be able to test the importation and generation of grids in another IP, by performing the importation of contour lines/spot heights in the DXF format, although for an area smaller than the project's one. However, to obtain some products he can use the grid already available in the IP “Altimetry_map”.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Digital Terrain Model (DTM)
    • Grids and Interpolators
    • DTM Products

- ANALYSIS AND SPATIAL QUERY
In this class the user will learn how to edit a cadastral map from the manipulation of objects. Over this map the querying mechanisms will be presented (by pointing, by attribute, by grouping, and by tables). Some map algebra analysis and programming tools (the LEGAL language) are also presented.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Database Query
    • Spatial Analysis
    • LEGAL

- GENERATING AND PRINTING MAPS
The objective of this class is to generate a map to be printed. Any of the IP's created in the previous classes can be used.
The following main topics are presented:

    • Map Element
    • Map Generation (SCARTA)
    • Printing Maps - IPLOT e Gview

 


Check also:
SPRING Workspace
About SPRING