![]() Vector Editing
Operations
This page shows the
effect of each Editing operation, through the exclusive options button in the
"Topological Editing" window. See how to:
How to edit a Thematic/Cadastral Map ? Create a LineThis option allows to digitize an arc by inserting points, but it depends on the (Continuous or Step) Mode and on the (Automatic or Manual) Topology selected. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1 to start the digitization. To terminate the digitization click on the mouse RB (right button) or the table's Button 2. NOTE: When the user wants to digitize a map as presented in the figure below, where all arcs nodes must close into polygons, the user should terminate the digitization at the intersection of two or more arcs. In this case it makes no difference if using the manual or automatic topology, but it is recommended to use the manual, because the higher the number of lines in the IL, the longer it takes for the system to adjust each closing arc.
Create a Closed LineThis option, create a closed line (best for island digitization), that is, where the starting point and the ending point coincide. When terminating a line (using the table's Button 2 or the mouse RB), the ending point will (not) be automatically connected to the first (not) digitized point. This option minimizes the nodes adjusting errors. This option also depends on the (Continuous or Step) editing Mode and on the (Automatic or Manual) Topology selected. The figure below shows the digitizing effect on the intersection of two islands. Three polygons were created if used the Automatic Topology. Create a CircleThis option creates an ellipse, such as the the ideal closed line for island editing. When clicking with the Table's Button 1 or the mouse left button the first corner of the imaginary rectangle where the ellipse is inserted is marked. The circle area is reduced or amplified dragging the mouse with the left button pressed or the table's button 1 pressed. The generated arc, in this case, has 61 points. Create a RectangleThe create a rectangle option, like the closed line option, is ideal for island editing. When clicking using the table's Button 1 or mouse Left Button the first corner of the rectangle is marked. The area and the shape is modified dragging the cursor keeping the table's button 1 or mouse left button pressed. The rectangle's area and shape are finally obtained by releasing the pressed buttons. The generated arc in this option has 5 points, where the first point and the last point coincide. Add a PointThis option allow to insert a point in an arc. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1, to add a point. At the same time a point is being added it is possible to move the mouse, dragging the point to another position. Move a PointThis option allow to move points and nodes in a line modifying the line trajectory. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1, clicking on the point and dragging it to its new position. Move an ArcThis option allows to move an arc individually, keeping its shape and orientation, that is, it allows only a translation in X or Y, without any rotation. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1 to select the lines and drag them up to the desired position. Move an AreaThis option allows to move all internal lines in a closed line. The lines that are not totally inside the closed line will be clipped at the closed line boundaries. After clicking the mouse RB (right button) the internal lines will be highlighted. Click at the boundary of the closed line and drag it using the mouse LB (left button) up to the position desired. When the mouse button is released the lines will be stored at their new position. Break LineThis option allows to break a line (arc) into two, which means to transform a point in a node. The break is indicated by different line colors immediately after clicking a point on it. A line will be broken, it does not matter if there is a point or not. The system searches for the closest line and, if there is a point inside the selected precision in the Digitizing Factor. If there is no point close enough a new point will be created and the line will be broken at that new point. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1 to break an arc. The figure below shows an arc being broken at an existing point.
In the figure below (if the topology is in the Manual) there are two crossing arcs and the desired break is at the intersection. Thus, move the cursor as close as possible of the intersection, because the system searches for the closest line (arc 1) to break it, besides, it automatically search for lines that are closer (arc 2), which are inside the Digitization factor, to break them. However, the arcs will be broken at two points, arc 1 is broken at the mouse's closest point (becoming arcs 1 and 4) and arc 2 is broken at the intersection of the original arcs (becoming arcs 2 and 3).
In the figure below the automatic topology makes the arcs break at the intersection of both arcs. After clicking on arc 2 to break it, the system searches, inside the precision defined in the Digitization Factor, the intersection with other lines, if there is such an intersection, the break will happen at that point (in a single point). Joining LinesThis option allows to join two or more nodes in a single one. When clicking on the table's Button 1 or the mouse LB (left button), a rectangle shows up, indicating an area. This area can be amplified or reduced by dragging the cursor using the mouse LB or the table's button 1 keeping it pressed. This rectangle must be positioned such that it involves all nodes that will be adjusted (see the figure below). Once it is positioned the table's button 2 or mouse RB is clicked on, and the union of the points is performed. The nodes will be joined at the rectangle's central region. Remove a LineThis option removes the whole line (arc). Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's button 1 to remove the line. Remove PointsThis option removes points from an arc. The arc is automatically adjusted for its new position (see figure below). Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1, to remove points from an arc. Remove an AreaThis option removes all arcs which are in the internal side of a closed line, clipping the arcs at this line boundaries. This option uses the same tool used to edit a Closed Line ( see details above), that is, islands. It is possible to edit in the Continuous or Step mode, but it will make no difference if the topology was set to Automatic or Manual, because the line will not be stored in any IL, it will just be used for the removing operation. At the line editing end (using the table's Button 2 or the mouse RB (right button)) the terminating point will (not) be automatically connected to the first point (not) digitized, and it will be asked a confirmation for the removal of the digitized island internal lines. The figures below show the original data (at left) and part of the same (at right) clipped by this tool.
Concatenate LinesThis option concatenates two lines, that is, it turns two lines into one single line. It is required that these two lines are adjusted (have coincidental extremes) and in the DTM case they have to be of the same type and have the same Z value. Use the mouse LB (left button) or the table's Button 1 to select the lines. Once the second line is selected, if all requirements are fulfilled, the lines will be concatenated, keeping the orientation of the first selected line. Change OrientationThis option is only available for the IL of the network model. It will change (inverts) the orientation of all internal lines fully contained in a selected area. The area selection is performed by editing a Closed Line ( see detail above), that is, an island. It is possible to edit in the Continuous or Step mode. When the closed line editing is done (using the table's button 2 or the mouse RB (right button)), the terminating point will (not) be automatically connected to the first point (not) digitized, and it will be asked a confirmation to the orientation of the digitized island internal lines. Concatenate an AreaThis option concatenates all the lines where there is a node with two connecting lines at it. The Closed Lines operation (see detail above) is used to involve all the lines that will be concatenated. It is possible to edit in the Continuous or Step mode. When the closed line editing is over (using the table's button 2 or the mouse RB (right button)), the terminating point will (not) be automatically connected to the first point (not) digitized, and it will be asked a confirmation to the orientation of the digitized island internal lines. It should only be used if the nodes were already adjusted. It does not work for Networks. NOTE 1:Independent of the selected editing option or of the IL active model, if the user clicks on an arc using the table's button 2 or the mouse RB (right button) the points on this arc will be highlighted. See the procedures for ILs editing. Thematic and cadastral maps will be presented together, because the editing is the same for both data types, the only difference is the entities association (classes for Thematic maps and objects for cadastral maps). Later the editing for network maps and DTM maps will be presented. NOTE 2: All edited lines are highlighted in red. They just present the IL visual, or the classes/objects they belong to after saving them. NOTE 3: The "undo" operation only works on the non-saved lines. NOTE 4: The lines will become part of the IL only after saving them.
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