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Table of Contents
TerraLib.Core: CharEncoding
Na TerraLib optamos por utilizar strings em UTF-8, assim como para realizar a entrada e saída das operações (strings provenientes dos drivers e strings que chegam na API da TerraLib).
Como suporte foi criada a classe te::core::CharEncoding que fornece suporte a conversão de caracteres utilizando a Boost.Locale.
Esta classe é utilizada somente através de funções membros estáticas, não sendo possível criar instancias ou cópias da classe.
API
C++
A API para coversão de caracteres na TerraLib é definida pela classe CharEncoding, mostrada abaixo:
namespace te { namespace core { /*! \enum EncodingType \brief Supported character encodings. */ enum class EncodingType { UTF8, /*!< UTF-8 encoding. */ CP1250, /*!< CP1250 encoding. */ CP1251, /*!< CP1251 encoding. */ CP1252, /*!< CP1252 encoding. */ CP1253, /*!< CP1253 encoding. */ CP1254, /*!< CP1254 encoding. */ CP1257, /*!< CP1257 encoding. */ LATIN1 /*!< Latin1 encoding (ISO8859-1). */ }; /*! \class CharEncoding \brief A class for handling character enconding/decoding. */ class TECOREEXPORT CharEncoding { public: /*! \brief Convert a string in UTF-8 to the current locale encoding. \param src UTF-8 string. \exception te::Exception if the system locale cannot be retrieved. \return String encoded according to new character encoding. */ static std::string fromUTF8(const std::string& src); /*! \brief Convert a string in UTF-8 to another character encoding. \param src UTF-8 string. \param to The target character encoding. \return String encoded according to new character encoding. */ static std::string fromUTF8(const std::string& src, EncodingType to); /*! \brief Convert a string from a current locale encoding to UTF-8. \param src String to be encoded in UTF-8. \exception te::Exception if the system locale cannot be retrieved. \return String encoded in UTF-8. */ static std::string toUTF8(const std::string& src); /*! \brief Convert a string from a given character encoding to UTF-8. \param src String to be encoded in UTF-8. \return String encoded in UTF-8. */ static std::string toUTF8(const std::string& src, EncodingType from); /*! \brief Convert a string from one character encoding to another one. \param src String encoded according to "from" encoding type. \param from Current string encoding. \param to New encoding for the string. \return String in a new encoding. */ static std::string convert(const std::string& src, EncodingType from, EncodingType to); /*! \brief Decomposes a UTF-8 encoded string and extracts its ASCII characters. \note Non-ascii characters will be skipped. \param src UTF-8 encoded string. \exception te::Exception if the given string cannot be decomposed. \return ASCII String. */ static std::string toASCII(const std::string& src); /*! \brief Retrive a string from a given character encoding type enum. \param et Encoding Type to be retrieved as string. \return Encoding Type as string. */ static std::string getEncodingName(EncodingType et); /*! \brief Retrive an EncodingType from a given character encoding name. \param name Encoding name to be retrieved as enum. \return Encoding as enum. */ static te::core::EncodingType getEncodingType(const std::string& name); /*! \brief Retrive a vector of string with all available encoding types name. \return A vector of encoding type as string. */ static std::vector<std::string> getEncodingList(); private: // Not instatiable CharEncoding(); ~CharEncoding(); // No copy allowed CharEncoding(CharEncoding const&); CharEncoding& operator=(CharEncoding const&); }; } // end namespace core } // end namespace te
Exemplo
A seguir um exemplo de uso simples das funções fornecidas pela classe CharEncoding:
// TerraLib #include <terralib/core/encoding/CharEncoding.h> // STL #include <iostream> int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { std::string str = "your string"; // from system encoding to utf8 str = te::core::CharEncoding::toUTF8(str); // from utf8 to system encoding str = te::core::CharEncoding::fromUTF8(str); // from latin1 to utf8 str = te::core::CharEncoding::toUTF8(str, te::core::EncodingType::LATIN1); // from utf8 to latin1 str = te::core::CharEncoding::fromUTF8(str, te::core::EncodingType::LATIN1); // from latin1 to cp1254 str = te::core::CharEncoding::convert(str, te::core::EncodingType::LATIN1, te::core::EncodingType::CP1254); // from utf8 to ASCII str = te::core::CharEncoding::toASCII(str); }
Interfaces Qt
A seguir um exemplo de utilização de uma QString nos componentes Qt:
QString s = QString::fromUtf8("your string"); std::string varStr = s.toUtf8().data();
Nota: caso não seja possível converter um caracter o mesmo será ignorado.
